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ClosedXML is a .NET library for reading, manipulating and writing Excel 2007+ (.xlsx, .xlsm) files. It aims to provide an intuitive and user-friendly interface to dealing with the underlying OpenXML API.

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Lightweight and fast library written in C# for reading Microsoft Excel files

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Quick Overview

ClosedXML is an open-source .NET library for reading, manipulating, and writing Excel 2007+ (.xlsx, .xlsm) files. It provides a user-friendly and intuitive API for working with Excel spreadsheets without requiring Microsoft Office to be installed on the machine.

Pros

  • Easy to use API with a fluent interface for creating and modifying Excel files
  • No dependency on Microsoft Office or COM Interop
  • Supports a wide range of Excel features, including formulas, cell styles, and charts
  • Active development and community support

Cons

  • Performance can be slower compared to other Excel libraries for very large datasets
  • Limited support for older Excel file formats (.xls)
  • Some advanced Excel features may not be fully supported
  • Learning curve for complex operations and advanced features

Code Examples

  1. Creating a new workbook and adding data:
using ClosedXML.Excel;

using (var workbook = new XLWorkbook())
{
    var worksheet = workbook.Worksheets.Add("Sample Sheet");
    worksheet.Cell("A1").Value = "Hello World!";
    worksheet.Cell("A2").FormulaA1 = "=UPPER(A1)";
    workbook.SaveAs("HelloWorld.xlsx");
}
  1. Reading data from an existing Excel file:
using ClosedXML.Excel;

using (var workbook = new XLWorkbook("existing_file.xlsx"))
{
    var worksheet = workbook.Worksheet(1);
    var cellValue = worksheet.Cell("A1").Value;
    var rangeValues = worksheet.Range("A1:C10").Values;
}
  1. Applying styles to cells:
using ClosedXML.Excel;

using (var workbook = new XLWorkbook())
{
    var worksheet = workbook.Worksheets.Add("Styled Sheet");
    var cell = worksheet.Cell("A1");
    cell.Value = "Styled Cell";
    cell.Style.Font.Bold = true;
    cell.Style.Fill.BackgroundColor = XLColor.LightBlue;
    cell.Style.Alignment.Horizontal = XLAlignmentHorizontalValues.Center;
    workbook.SaveAs("StyledSheet.xlsx");
}

Getting Started

To get started with ClosedXML, follow these steps:

  1. Install the NuGet package in your .NET project:

    Install-Package ClosedXML
    
  2. Add the following using statement to your C# file:

    using ClosedXML.Excel;
    
  3. Create a new workbook or open an existing one:

    var workbook = new XLWorkbook(); // New workbook
    // OR
    var workbook = new XLWorkbook("existing_file.xlsx"); // Open existing file
    
  4. Work with worksheets and cells:

    var worksheet = workbook.Worksheets.Add("My Sheet");
    worksheet.Cell("A1").Value = "Hello, ClosedXML!";
    
  5. Save the workbook:

    workbook.SaveAs("MyWorkbook.xlsx");
    

Competitor Comparisons

Lightweight and fast library written in C# for reading Microsoft Excel files

Pros of ExcelDataReader

  • Lightweight and focused on reading Excel files
  • Supports both .xls and .xlsx formats
  • Faster performance for large file reading

Cons of ExcelDataReader

  • Limited to reading Excel files, no writing capabilities
  • Less feature-rich compared to ClosedXML
  • May require additional libraries for advanced operations

Code Comparison

ExcelDataReader:

using (var stream = File.Open(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
using (var reader = ExcelReaderFactory.CreateReader(stream))
{
    var result = reader.AsDataSet();
    // Process data
}

ClosedXML:

using (var workbook = new XLWorkbook(filePath))
{
    var worksheet = workbook.Worksheet(1);
    var range = worksheet.RangeUsed();
    // Process data
}

ExcelDataReader is more focused on reading Excel files efficiently, while ClosedXML offers a broader range of features for both reading and writing Excel files. ExcelDataReader may be preferred for simple reading tasks or when dealing with large files, while ClosedXML is better suited for more complex Excel operations and file creation.

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Pros of EPPlus

  • Better performance for large datasets
  • More comprehensive charting capabilities
  • Supports password protection and encryption

Cons of EPPlus

  • Licensing changes: now requires a commercial license for some use cases
  • Less active community and fewer contributors
  • Steeper learning curve for beginners

Code Comparison

EPPlus:

using (var package = new ExcelPackage())
{
    var worksheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets.Add("Sheet1");
    worksheet.Cells["A1"].Value = "Hello, EPPlus!";
    package.SaveAs(new FileInfo("output.xlsx"));
}

ClosedXML:

using (var workbook = new XLWorkbook())
{
    var worksheet = workbook.Worksheets.Add("Sheet1");
    worksheet.Cell("A1").Value = "Hello, ClosedXML!";
    workbook.SaveAs("output.xlsx");
}

Both libraries offer similar functionality for basic Excel operations. EPPlus tends to have more advanced features, while ClosedXML focuses on simplicity and ease of use. The choice between them often depends on specific project requirements, licensing considerations, and personal preference.

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README

ClosedXML

Release NuGet version (ClosedXML) .NET Framework .NET Standard Build status Open Source Helpers

💾 Download unstable CI build

ClosedXML is a .NET library for reading, manipulating and writing Excel 2007+ (.xlsx, .xlsm) files. It aims to provide an intuitive and user-friendly interface to dealing with the underlying OpenXML API.

For more information see the documentation or the wiki.

Release notes & migration guide

The public API is still not stable and it is a very good idea to read release notes and migration guide before each update.

Performance

Performance matters mostly for large files. For small files, few ms here or there doesn't matter. The presented data are from generally develop branch (currently 0.103-beta).

Runtime details ``` BenchmarkDotNet v0.13.8, Windows 11 (10.0.22621.2283/22H2/2022Update/SunValley2) AMD Ryzen 5 5500U with Radeon Graphics, 1 CPU, 12 logical and 6 physical cores .NET SDK 8.0.100-rc.1.23463.5 [Host] : .NET 7.0.11 (7.0.1123.42427), X64 RyuJIT AVX2 ```

Save

DescriptionRowsColumnsTime/Memory to insert dataSave workbookTotal time/memory
Mixed (text/number) workbook.
Gist
250 000151.619 sec / 117 MiB6.343 sec7.962 sec / 477 MiB
Text only workbook. Gist1 000 000106.302 sec / 402 MiB17.134 sec23.436 sec / 1880 MiB

Load

DescriptionRowsColumnsTime to load dataUsed memory
Load mixed workbook (10 text/5 number columns).250 0001515.648 sec236 MiB
Text only workbook.1 000 0001049.046 sec801 MiB

Load tests used files created during save test.

Frequent answers

  • If you get an exception Unable to find font font name or fallback font fallback font name. Install missing fonts or specify a different fallback font through ‘LoadOptions.DefaultGraphicEngine = new DefaultGraphicEngine(“Fallback font name”)’, see help page about missing fonts.
  • ClosedXML is not thread-safe. There is no guarantee that parallel operations will work. The underlying OpenXML library is also not thread-safe.
  • If you get an exception The type initializer for 'Gdip' threw an exception. on Linux, you have to upgrade to 0.97+.

Install ClosedXML via NuGet

If you want to include ClosedXML in your project, you can install it directly from NuGet

To install ClosedXML, run the following command in the Package Manager Console

PM> Install-Package ClosedXML

What can you do with this?

ClosedXML allows you to create Excel files without the Excel application. The typical example is creating Excel reports on a web server.

Example:

using (var workbook = new XLWorkbook())
{
    var worksheet = workbook.Worksheets.Add("Sample Sheet");
    worksheet.Cell("A1").Value = "Hello World!";
    worksheet.Cell("A2").FormulaA1 = "=MID(A1, 7, 5)";
    workbook.SaveAs("HelloWorld.xlsx");
}

Extensions

Be sure to check out our ClosedXML extension projects

Developer guidelines

The OpenXML specification is a large and complicated beast. In order for ClosedXML, the wrapper around OpenXML, to support all the features, we rely on community contributions. Before opening an issue to request a new feature, we'd like to urge you to try to implement it yourself and log a pull request.

Please read the full developer guidelines.

Credits

Thanks to JetBrains for providing development tools through their Open Source Program

JetBrains logo.