Pros of Diesel

• More mature and battle-tested, with a larger community and ecosystem
• Offers compile-time checking of SQL queries, reducing runtime errors
• Provides a powerful query builder with type-safe expressions

Cons of Diesel

• Steeper learning curve due to its macro-heavy approach
• Limited support for async operations, primarily focused on synchronous APIs
• Requires manual schema definition and migration management

Code Comparison

Diesel query example:

let results = users
    .filter(published.eq(true))
    .limit(5)
    .load::<Post>(&mut conn)?;

Sea-ORM query example:

let results = Post::find()
    .filter(post::Column::Published.eq(true))
    .limit(5)
    .all(&db).await?;

Both Diesel and Sea-ORM are Rust ORMs for database operations. Diesel is more established and offers strong compile-time guarantees, while Sea-ORM provides a more familiar ActiveRecord-like API with built-in async support. Diesel's query syntax is more concise, but Sea-ORM's approach may be more intuitive for developers coming from other ORMs. The choice between them often depends on specific project requirements and developer preferences.

Pros of Prisma

• More mature and widely adopted, with a larger community and ecosystem
• Supports multiple programming languages (JavaScript, TypeScript, Go)
• Offers a powerful migration system and schema versioning

Cons of Prisma

• Requires a separate schema file, which can lead to duplication
• Less flexible for complex queries and raw SQL operations
• Steeper learning curve for developers familiar with traditional ORMs

Code Comparison

Prisma:

const user = await prisma.user.create({
  data: {
    name: 'Alice',
    email: 'alice@example.com',
  },
})

Sea-ORM:

let user = User::insert(ActiveModel {
    name: Set("Alice".to_owned()),
    email: Set("alice@example.com".to_owned()),
    ..Default::default()
})
.exec(db)
.await?;

Both ORMs provide a clean and intuitive API for database operations. Prisma uses a more declarative approach, while Sea-ORM follows Rust's idiomatic patterns.

Sea-ORM is specifically designed for Rust, offering better integration with the language's features and ecosystem. It provides more fine-grained control over database operations and is generally more performant due to Rust's zero-cost abstractions.

Prisma, on the other hand, offers a more unified experience across different programming languages and has a larger set of features and integrations available out-of-the-box.

Pros of sqlx

• Lower-level API, offering more control and flexibility
• Supports both synchronous and asynchronous operations
• Lighter weight and potentially faster for simple queries

Cons of sqlx

• Requires more manual work for complex queries and relationships
• Less abstraction, which can lead to more boilerplate code
• Limited ORM-like features compared to Sea-ORM

Code Comparison

sqlx:

let users = sqlx::query!("SELECT * FROM users WHERE active = ?", true)
    .fetch_all(&pool)
    .await?;

Sea-ORM:

let users = User::find()
    .filter(user::Column::Active.eq(true))
    .all(&db)
    .await?;

Summary

sqlx is a lower-level database library that provides more direct control over SQL queries and database operations. It's suitable for developers who prefer writing raw SQL and want fine-grained control over their database interactions.

Sea-ORM, on the other hand, is a full-featured ORM that provides a higher level of abstraction. It offers more convenience for complex queries and relationships but may have a steeper learning curve and potentially more overhead for simple operations.

The choice between the two depends on the project's requirements, the developer's preferences, and the complexity of the database interactions needed in the application.

Pros of rbatis

• Written in Rust, offering better performance and memory safety
• Supports multiple databases including MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQLite
• Provides both ORM and SQL builder functionalities

Cons of rbatis

• Less mature ecosystem compared to Sea-ORM
• Documentation may be less comprehensive or up-to-date
• Smaller community and fewer third-party integrations

Code Comparison

rbatis:

#[crud_table]
#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub struct User {
    pub id: Option<u64>,
    pub name: Option<String>,
    pub age: Option<i32>,
}

let rb = Rbatis::new();
rb.link("mysql://localhost:3306/test").await?;
let user = User::select_by_column(&rb, "id", 1).await?;

Sea-ORM:

#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, DeriveEntityModel)]
#[sea_orm(table_name = "users")]
pub struct Model {
    #[sea_orm(primary_key)]
    pub id: i32,
    pub name: String,
    pub age: i32,
}

let db = Database::connect("mysql://localhost:3306/test").await?;
let user = Users::find_by_id(1).one(&db).await?;

Both ORMs provide similar functionality for defining models and querying databases. rbatis uses attributes like #[crud_table], while Sea-ORM uses #[sea_orm(...)]. The syntax for connecting to databases and performing queries is slightly different, but both aim to provide a type-safe and ergonomic API for database operations in Rust.

Pros of refinery

• Focused solely on database migrations, providing a lightweight and specialized solution
• Supports both embedded and CLI-based migration management
• Offers a simple and intuitive API for defining and running migrations

Cons of refinery

• Limited to migration functionality, lacking ORM features
• Smaller community and ecosystem compared to Sea-ORM
• Less comprehensive documentation and fewer examples available

Code Comparison

refinery:

use refinery::embed_migrations;

embed_migrations!("./migrations");

fn main() {
    let mut conn = establish_connection();
    embedded_migrations::run(&mut conn).unwrap();
}

Sea-ORM:

use sea_orm_migration::prelude::*;

#[async_std::main]
async fn main() {
    let db = Database::connect("database_url").await?;
    Migrator::up(&db, None).await?;
}

Sea-ORM is a full-featured ORM with migration support, while refinery focuses exclusively on migrations. Sea-ORM offers a more comprehensive solution for database interactions, including entity management and query building. refinery, being more specialized, provides a simpler API for migration-specific tasks.

Sea-ORM has a larger community, more extensive documentation, and a wider range of features. However, refinery's lightweight nature may be preferable for projects that only require migration functionality without the overhead of a full ORM.