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A small image based on Debian designed for use in containers

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Quick Overview

The bitnami/minideb repository provides a lightweight, minimal Debian-based Docker image that can be used as a base for building other Docker images. It is designed to be a small and efficient alternative to the official Debian Docker image.

Pros

  • Small Size: The minideb image is significantly smaller than the official Debian Docker image, making it more efficient for use in Docker containers.
  • Minimal Dependencies: The minideb image includes only the essential packages required for a basic Linux environment, reducing the attack surface and potential security vulnerabilities.
  • Faster Build Times: The smaller size of the minideb image can lead to faster build times for Docker images that use it as a base.
  • Customizable: The minideb image can be easily customized by adding additional packages or modifying the base image as needed.

Cons

  • Limited Functionality: The minideb image is designed to be minimal, so it may not include all the packages and tools that some users might expect in a Debian-based image.
  • Potential Compatibility Issues: Since the minideb image is a custom Debian-based image, it may have some compatibility issues with software or tools that expect the official Debian image.
  • Lack of Official Support: The minideb image is not an official Debian image, so it may not receive the same level of support and security updates as the official image.
  • Potential Lack of Documentation: The minideb image may have less extensive documentation compared to the official Debian image, which could make it more challenging for new users to get started.

Getting Started

To use the bitnami/minideb image in your Docker project, you can simply reference it in your Dockerfile:

FROM bitnami/minideb:latest
# Add your custom instructions here

You can then build and run your Docker image as you would with any other base image:

docker build -t my-app .
docker run -it my-app

Keep in mind that the minideb image is designed to be a minimal base, so you'll likely need to add additional packages and dependencies to your Dockerfile to meet the requirements of your application.

Competitor Comparisons

phusion logo

baseimage-docker

8,918

A minimal Ubuntu base image modified for Docker-friendliness

Pros of baseimage-docker

  • Includes init system (runit) for proper process management
  • Comes with useful pre-installed tools and utilities
  • Designed for easier creation of production-ready images

Cons of baseimage-docker

  • Larger image size due to additional components
  • More complex structure, potentially harder to customize
  • May include unnecessary components for some use cases

Code Comparison

baseimage-docker:

FROM phusion/baseimage:focal-1.1.0
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y python3
CMD ["/sbin/my_init"]

minideb:

FROM bitnami/minideb:latest
RUN install_packages python3
CMD ["python3"]

Key Differences

  • minideb focuses on minimal size and simplicity
  • baseimage-docker provides a more feature-rich base for complex applications
  • minideb uses a custom package installation command, while baseimage-docker uses standard apt-get
  • baseimage-docker includes an init system, whereas minideb relies on Docker's default process management

Use Cases

  • Choose minideb for smaller, simpler containers with minimal overhead
  • Opt for baseimage-docker when building more complex applications requiring proper init and process management

Conclusion

Both repositories offer valuable base images for Docker containers, with minideb prioritizing minimalism and baseimage-docker focusing on production-readiness and additional features. The choice between them depends on specific project requirements and preferences.

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docker-alpine

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Alpine Linux Docker image. Win at minimalism!

Pros of docker-alpine

  • Extremely small image size (around 5MB), leading to faster downloads and reduced storage
  • Minimal attack surface due to fewer included packages
  • Uses musl libc, which can offer better performance in some scenarios

Cons of docker-alpine

  • Limited package availability compared to Debian-based distributions
  • Potential compatibility issues with applications expecting glibc
  • Steeper learning curve for developers unfamiliar with Alpine Linux

Code comparison

minideb:

FROM bitnami/minideb:latest
RUN install_packages nginx
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

docker-alpine:

FROM alpine:latest
RUN apk add --no-cache nginx
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

The main difference in the code is the package installation command: install_packages for minideb vs apk add --no-cache for Alpine. Both examples are concise, but Alpine's package manager (apk) is generally faster than apt-get used by minideb.

While docker-alpine offers a significantly smaller image size and potentially better security due to its minimalism, minideb provides better compatibility with a wider range of applications and a more familiar environment for developers accustomed to Debian-based systems. The choice between the two depends on specific project requirements, such as image size constraints, application compatibility, and team expertise.

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README

What is Minideb

A minimalist Debian-based image built specifically to be used as a base image for containers.

Use Minideb

You can use the image directly, e.g.

$ docker run --rm -it bitnami/minideb:latest

There are tags for the different Debian releases.

$ docker run --rm -it bitnami/minideb:bookworm

The images are built daily and have the security release enabled, so will contain any security updates released more than 24 hours ago.

You can also use the images as a base for your own Dockerfile:

FROM bitnami/minideb:bookworm

Why use Minideb

  • This image aims to strike a good balance between having small images and having many quality packages available for easy integration.

  • The image is based on glibc for wide compatibility and is apt for access to a large number of packages. To reduce the size of the image, some things that aren't required in containers are removed:

    • Packages that aren't often used in containers (hardware-related, init systems, etc.)
    • Some files that aren't usually required (docs, man pages, locales, caches)

  • These images also include an install_packages command that you can use instead of apt. This takes care of some things for you:

    • Install the named packages, skipping prompts, etc.
    • Clean up the apt metadata afterward to keep the image small.
    • Retrying if apt fails. Sometimes a package will fail to download due to a network issue, and this may fix that, which is particularly useful in an automated build pipeline.

    For example:

    $ install_packages apache2 memcached

Adoption of Minideb

The minideb container image is the base image for many Bitnami-maintained language runtimes including php, nodejs, ruby and infrastructure components including mariadb, redis, nginx and mongodb.

Compatibility

The image points to the Debian archive, so you are free to install the packages from there that you need. However, because some Essential packages have been removed they may not always install or work correctly.

In those cases, you can figure out which package is needed and manually specify to install it along with your desired packages. Please feel free to submit an issue request so that we can reach out and help you quickly.

Security

Minideb is based on Debian and relies on their security updates. The images are built daily and have the security release enabled, so will contain any security updates released more than 24 hours ago.

Note that Debian does not fix every CVE that affects their packages, which means that CVE scanners may detect unfixed vulnerabilities in Minideb images. In those cases, you can check the Debian security tracker to see whether Debian intends to release an update to fix it.

To keep compatibility with Debian, we will not patch any vulnerabilities in Minideb directly. If Debian does not fix the CVE then it will also remain in Minideb. If you find a vulnerability that is fixed in Debian but not in the latest images of Minideb then please file an issue as that is not intentional.

On this page, you can find more information about the Bitnami policy regarding CVEs. In the same way, if you find a security issue with how the Minideb images are built or published then please report it to us.

Building Minideb

We provide a Makefile to help you build Minideb locally. It should be run on a Debian-based machine and requires sudo privileges.

$ sudo make

To build an individual release (bullseye or bookworm)

$ sudo make bookworm

To test the resulting image:

$ sudo make test-bookworm

Building Minideb for foreign architecture

Make commands shown above will build an image for the architecture you are currently working on. To build an image for a foreign architecture (for example to build a multi-arch image), we provide a simple script that runs a QEMU instance for the target architecture and builds the image inside it.

To build and test a bookworm image for arm64:

$ ./qemu_build bookworm arm64

The image will be then imported locally through the docker CLI with the $distribution-$architecture tag (example: bitnami/minideb:bookworm-arm64)

Current limitations of the qemu_build script:

  • Can be run only on Debian-based distributions
  • Support AMD64 and ARM64 target architectures only

Contributing

We'd love for you to contribute to this image. You can request new features by creating an issue, or submit a pull request with your contribution.

License

Copyright © 2024 Broadcom. The term "Broadcom" refers to Broadcom Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at

http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.