mopidy

Mopidy is an extensible music server written in Python

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Quick Overview

Mopidy is an extensible music server written in Python. It can play music from local disk, Spotify, SoundCloud, Google Play Music, and more. Mopidy can be extended with frontend extensions to control playback from various clients, including web browsers, MPD clients, and even Spotify apps.

Pros

Highly extensible with a plugin architecture
Supports multiple music sources (local files, streaming services)
Cross-platform compatibility (Linux, macOS, Windows)
Active community and regular updates

Cons

Setup can be complex for beginners
Some features require additional plugins
Performance may vary depending on the number of extensions used
Limited built-in GUI options (relies on third-party frontends)

Code Examples

Basic configuration in mopidy.conf:

[core]
cache_dir = /var/cache/mopidy
config_dir = /etc/mopidy
data_dir = /var/lib/mopidy

[audio]
output = autoaudiosink

[local]
media_dir = /path/to/your/music

Starting Mopidy from Python:

from mopidy import core
from mopidy import config as config_lib

config = config_lib.load()
mopidy_core = core.Core(config)
mopidy_core.run()

Using Mopidy's HTTP API with Python requests:

import requests

base_url = "http://localhost:6680/mopidy/rpc"

# Get current track
response = requests.post(base_url, json={
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "id": 1,
    "method": "core.playback.get_current_track"
})
print(response.json()["result"])

# Play a specific track
requests.post(base_url, json={
    "jsonrpc": "2.0",
    "id": 1,
    "method": "core.playback.play",
    "params": {"tl_track": {"tlid": 1}}
})

Getting Started

Install Mopidy:
```
pip install mopidy
```

Create a configuration file (~/.config/mopidy/mopidy.conf):

[core]
cache_dir = ~/.cache/mopidy
config_dir = ~/.config/mopidy
data_dir = ~/.local/share/mopidy

[audio]
output = autoaudiosink

[local]
media_dir = ~/Music

Start Mopidy:
```
mopidy
```
Access Mopidy's web interface at http://localhost:6680 or use an MPD client to control playback.

Competitor Comparisons

navidrome

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🎧☁️ Modern Music Server and Streamer compatible with Subsonic/Airsonic

Pros of Navidrome

Built-in web UI for easy access and management
Supports multiple users with individual preferences
Focused specifically on music streaming, potentially simpler setup

Cons of Navidrome

Limited to audio files only, no support for other media types
Fewer extension options compared to Mopidy's plugin system
Less mature project with potentially fewer community contributions

Code Comparison

Navidrome (Go):

func (s *Scanner) processAudioFiles(dir string, files []string) error {
    for _, f := range files {
        err := s.processAudioFile(dir, f)
        if err != nil {
            log.Error("Error processing audio file", "file", f, err)
        }
    }
    return nil
}

Mopidy (Python):

def scan(self, uri=None, domains=None):
    if uri is not None:
        return self._scan_uri(uri)
    elif domains is not None:
        return self._scan_domains(domains)
    else:
        return self._scan_all()

Both projects handle audio file scanning, but Navidrome's implementation is more focused on processing individual files, while Mopidy's approach is more flexible, allowing for different scanning methods based on input parameters.

librespot

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Open Source Spotify client library

Pros of librespot

Focused specifically on Spotify streaming, providing a more specialized solution
Written in Rust, potentially offering better performance and memory safety
Supports Spotify Connect protocol, allowing seamless device switching

Cons of librespot

Limited to Spotify, lacking support for other music services
Smaller community and fewer contributors compared to Mopidy
Less extensive documentation and fewer integrations with other tools

Code Comparison

Mopidy (Python):

def play(self):
    if self.current_track:
        self.audio.prepare_change()
        self.audio.set_uri(self.current_track.uri)
        self.audio.start_playback()

librespot (Rust):

pub fn play(&mut self) -> Result<(), Error> {
    if let Some(track) = &self.current_track {
        self.player.load(track.id, true, 0)?;
        self.player.play()?;
    }
    Ok(())
}

Both projects handle playing tracks, but librespot's implementation is more concise and type-safe due to Rust's language features. Mopidy's code is more readable for those familiar with Python, while librespot's may require more Rust knowledge to understand fully.

spotifyd

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A spotify daemon

Pros of Spotifyd

Lightweight and resource-efficient, ideal for low-power devices
Focuses solely on Spotify, providing a streamlined experience
Written in Rust, offering better performance and memory safety

Cons of Spotifyd

Limited to Spotify, lacking support for other music services
Fewer features compared to Mopidy's extensible plugin system
Requires a Spotify Premium account for full functionality

Code Comparison

Spotifyd (Rust):

let (mut stream, creds) = Session::connect(config, credentials, cache, player.clone()).await?;

Mopidy (Python):

def play(self):
    self.audio.prepare_change()
    self.audio.set_state(gst.State.PLAYING)
    self.backend.on_playback_started(self.get_current_tl_track())

Both projects aim to provide music streaming capabilities, but they differ in scope and implementation. Spotifyd is a lightweight Spotify client daemon, while Mopidy is a more comprehensive music server with support for various backends and extensions. Spotifyd's Rust implementation offers potential performance benefits, while Mopidy's Python codebase allows for easier extensibility and a broader feature set.

Volumio2

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Pros of Volumio2

More user-friendly web interface for music playback and management
Built-in support for a wider range of audio formats and streaming services
Designed specifically for audio playback on single-board computers like Raspberry Pi

Cons of Volumio2

Less flexible and extensible compared to Mopidy's plugin system
More resource-intensive, which may impact performance on low-powered devices
Limited to specific hardware platforms, while Mopidy is more platform-agnostic

Code Comparison

Volumio2 (JavaScript):

this.commandRouter.pushConsoleMessage('[' + Date.now() + '] ' + 'ControllerMpd::play');
return this.sendMpdCommand('play', []).then(function() {
    return self.getState().then(function(state) {
        return self.commandRouter.statePush(state);
    });
});

Mopidy (Python):

def play(self):
    self.core.playback.play().get()
    return True

def get_state(self):
    return self.core.playback.get_state().get()

The code snippets show differences in language and structure between the two projects. Volumio2 uses JavaScript with promises, while Mopidy uses Python with a more straightforward approach. Volumio2's code includes additional logging and state management, whereas Mopidy's implementation is more concise.

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README

Mopidy

Mopidy_ is an extensible music server written in Python.

Mopidy plays music from local disk, Spotify, SoundCloud, Google Play Music, and more. You edit the playlist from any phone, tablet, or computer using a variety of MPD and web clients.

Stream music from the cloud

Vanilla Mopidy only plays music from files and radio streams. Through extensions_, Mopidy can play music from cloud services like Spotify, SoundCloud, and Google Play Music. With Mopidy's extension support, backends for new music sources can be easily added.

Mopidy is just a server

Mopidy is a Python application that runs in a terminal or in the background on Linux computers or Macs that have network connectivity and audio output. Out of the box, Mopidy is an HTTP server. If you install the Mopidy-MPD_ extension, it becomes an MPD server too. Many additional frontends for controlling Mopidy are available as extensions.

Pick your favorite client

You and the people around you can all connect their favorite MPD or web client to the Mopidy server to search for music and manage the playlist together. With a browser or MPD client, which is available for all popular operating systems, you can control the music from any phone, tablet, or computer.

Mopidy on Raspberry Pi

The Raspberry Pi_ is a popular device to run Mopidy on, either using Raspbian, Ubuntu, or Arch Linux. Pimoroni recommends Mopidy for use with their Pirate Audio_ audio gear for Raspberry Pi. Mopidy is also a significant building block in the Pi Musicbox_ integrated audio jukebox system for Raspberry Pi.

Mopidy is hackable

Mopidy's extension support and Python, JSON-RPC, and JavaScript APIs make Mopidy a perfect base for your projects. In one hack, a Raspberry Pi was embedded in an old cassette player. The buttons and volume control are wired up with GPIO on the Raspberry Pi, and are used to control playback through a custom Mopidy extension. The cassettes have NFC tags used to select playlists from Spotify.

.. _Mopidy: https://mopidy.com/ .. _extensions: https://mopidy.com/ext/ .. _Mopidy-MPD: https://mopidy.com/ext/mpd/ .. _Raspberry Pi: https://www.raspberrypi.org/ .. _Pirate Audio: https://shop.pimoroni.com/collections/pirate-audio .. _Pi Musicbox: https://www.pimusicbox.com/

Getting started

To get started with Mopidy, begin by reading the installation docs <https://docs.mopidy.com/en/latest/installation/>_.

Contributing

Begin by reading the contributing <https://docs.mopidy.com/en/latest/contributing/>_ section of our documentation. If you are a developer, please also read Development environment <https://docs.mopidy.com/en/latest/devenv/>_ and/or Extension development <https://docs.mopidy.com/en/latest/extensiondev/>_. We welcome all kinds of help with bug fixing, testing, documentation, and supporting other users.

Project resources

Documentation <https://docs.mopidy.com/>_
Discourse forum <https://discourse.mopidy.com/>_
Zulip chat <https://mopidy.zulipchat.com/>_
Source code <https://github.com/mopidy/mopidy>_
Issue tracker <https://github.com/mopidy/mopidy/issues>_

.. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/mopidy :target: https://pypi.org/project/mopidy/ :alt: Latest PyPI version

.. image:: https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/mopidy/mopidy/ci.yml :target: https://github.com/mopidy/mopidy/actions/workflows/ci.yml :alt: CI build status

.. image:: https://img.shields.io/readthedocs/mopidy :target: https://docs.mopidy.com/ :alt: Read the Docs build status

.. image:: https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/mopidy/mopidy :target: https://codecov.io/gh/mopidy/mopidy :alt: Test coverage

.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/chat-on%20zulip-brightgreen :target: https://mopidy.zulipchat.com/ :alt: Chat on Zulip

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