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rails-api logoactive_model_serializers

ActiveModel::Serializer implementation and Rails hooks

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A fast JSON:API serializer for Ruby (fork of Netflix/fast_jsonapi)

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General ruby templating with json, bson, xml, plist and msgpack support

Quick Overview

Active Model Serializers (AMS) is a Ruby library for serializing Rails models and custom objects. It provides a simple way to generate JSON representations of your application's data, making it easier to build APIs and structure your data for client-side consumption.

Pros

  • Seamless integration with Rails and Active Model
  • Customizable serialization options and attributes
  • Supports relationships and nested objects
  • Allows for easy versioning of API responses

Cons

  • Performance can be slower compared to other serialization libraries
  • Documentation can be outdated or incomplete at times
  • Learning curve for more complex serialization scenarios
  • Limited support for non-JSON formats

Code Examples

  1. Basic serializer definition:
class UserSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
  attributes :id, :name, :email

  has_many :posts
end

This code defines a serializer for a User model, including basic attributes and a relationship to posts.

  1. Customizing attribute output:
class ProductSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
  attributes :id, :name, :price_with_tax

  def price_with_tax
    object.price * 1.1
  end
end

This example shows how to add a custom attribute that calculates a value based on the object's properties.

  1. Conditional attribute inclusion:
class CommentSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
  attributes :id, :content

  attribute :author, if: :show_author?

  def show_author?
    scope.admin?
  end
end

This code demonstrates how to conditionally include an attribute based on the current user's role.

Getting Started

  1. Add to your Gemfile:
gem 'active_model_serializers'
  1. Run bundle install

  2. Generate a serializer:

rails generate serializer User
  1. Define attributes and relationships in the serializer:
class UserSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
  attributes :id, :name, :email
  has_many :posts
end
  1. In your controller, render JSON using the serializer:
def show
  user = User.find(params[:id])
  render json: user
end

This will automatically use the UserSerializer to generate the JSON response.

Competitor Comparisons

No Longer Maintained - A lightning fast JSON:API serializer for Ruby Objects.

Pros of fast_jsonapi

  • Significantly faster performance, especially for large datasets
  • Built-in support for compound documents (included resources)
  • Simpler, more declarative API for defining serializers

Cons of fast_jsonapi

  • Less flexible than active_model_serializers for complex customizations
  • Requires more setup for non-standard use cases
  • Limited support for older Ruby and Rails versions

Code Comparison

active_model_serializers:

class UserSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
  attributes :id, :name, :email
  has_many :posts

  def posts
    object.posts.published
  end
end

fast_jsonapi:

class UserSerializer
  include FastJsonapi::ObjectSerializer
  attributes :name, :email
  has_many :posts

  attribute :posts do |user|
    user.posts.published
  end
end

Both libraries provide ways to serialize Ruby objects into JSON, but fast_jsonapi offers a more performant solution with a slightly different API. active_model_serializers provides more flexibility for complex scenarios, while fast_jsonapi focuses on speed and simplicity for standard JSON:API compliant responses. The choice between them depends on your project's specific requirements and performance needs.

A fast JSON:API serializer for Ruby (fork of Netflix/fast_jsonapi)

Pros of jsonapi-serializer

  • Faster performance, especially for large datasets
  • Strict adherence to JSON:API specification
  • Simpler, more lightweight implementation

Cons of jsonapi-serializer

  • Less flexibility in customizing output
  • Fewer built-in features compared to Active Model Serializers
  • Steeper learning curve for developers unfamiliar with JSON:API spec

Code Comparison

Active Model Serializers:

class UserSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
  attributes :id, :name, :email
  has_many :posts
end

jsonapi-serializer:

class UserSerializer
  include JSONAPI::Serializer
  attributes :name, :email
  has_many :posts
end

Both libraries offer similar syntax for basic serialization, but jsonapi-serializer enforces JSON:API structure more strictly. Active Model Serializers provides more flexibility in output format, while jsonapi-serializer focuses on JSON:API compliance and performance.

Choose jsonapi-serializer for projects requiring strict JSON:API adherence and better performance with large datasets. Opt for Active Model Serializers if you need more customization options and don't require strict JSON:API compliance.

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General ruby templating with json, bson, xml, plist and msgpack support

Pros of RABL

  • More flexible templating system, allowing for complex JSON structures
  • Supports multiple output formats (JSON, XML, BSON, PLIST)
  • Better performance for large datasets due to its streaming capabilities

Cons of RABL

  • Steeper learning curve due to its DSL syntax
  • Less actively maintained compared to Active Model Serializers
  • Requires more setup and configuration for basic use cases

Code Comparison

RABL:

collection @posts
attributes :id, :title, :body
child(:author) { attributes :name }
node(:custom_field) { |post| post.calculate_something }

Active Model Serializers:

class PostSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
  attributes :id, :title, :body
  belongs_to :author
  attribute :custom_field do
    object.calculate_something
  end
end

Both RABL and Active Model Serializers are popular choices for JSON serialization in Ruby on Rails applications. RABL offers more flexibility and supports multiple output formats, making it suitable for complex API structures. However, it has a steeper learning curve and requires more setup. Active Model Serializers, on the other hand, provides a more Rails-like approach with simpler syntax and easier integration, but may be less flexible for highly customized JSON structures. The choice between the two depends on the specific requirements of your project and your team's familiarity with each library.

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README

ActiveModelSerializers

About

ActiveModelSerializers is undergoing some renovations. See Development Status.

Getting Help

If you find a bug, please report an Issue and see our contributing guide.

If you have a question, please post to Stack Overflow.

If you'd like to chat, we have a community slack.

Thanks!

Documentation

If you're reading this at https://github.com/rails-api/active_model_serializers you are reading documentation for our master, which is not yet released.

0.10 (0-10-stable) Documentation Guides
0.9 (0-9-stable) Documentation
0.8 (0-8-stable) Documentation

Status of AMS

Status:

  • ❗️ All existing PRs against master will need to be closed and re-opened against 0-10-stable, if so desired
  • ❗️ Master, for the moment, won't have any released version of AMS on it.
  • :eyes: See below for alternatives

Changes to 0.10.x maintenance:

  • The 0.10.x version has become a huge maintenance version. We had hoped to get it in shape for a 1.0 release, but it is clear that isn't going to happen. Almost none of the maintainers from 0.8, 0.9, or earlier 0.10 are still working on AMS. We'll continue to maintain 0.10.x on the 0-10-stable branch, but maintainers won't otherwise be actively developing on it.
    • We may choose to make a 0.11.x ( 0-11-stable) release based on 0-10-stable that just removes the deprecations.

What's happening to AMS:

  • There's been a lot of churn around AMS since it began back in Rails 3.2 and a lot of new libraries are around and the JSON:API spec has reached 1.0.
  • If there is to be a 1.0 release of AMS, it will need to address the general needs of serialization in much the way ActiveJob can be used with different workers.
  • The next major release is in development. We're starting simple and avoiding, at least at the outset, all the complications in AMS version, especially all the implicit behavior from guessing the serializer, to the association's serializer, to the serialization type, etc.
  • The basic idea is that models to serializers are a one to many relationship. Everything will need to be explicit. If you want to serialize a User with a UserSerializer, you'll need to call it directly. The serializer will essentially be for defining a basic JSON:API resource object: id, type, attributes, and relationships. The serializer will have an as_json method and can be told which fields (attributes/relationships) to serialize to JSON and will likely not know serialize any more than the relations id and type. Serializing anything more about the relations would require code that called a serializer. (This is still somewhat in discussion).
  • If this works out, the idea is to get something into Rails that existing libraries can use.

See PR 2121 where these changes were introduced for more information and any discussion.

Alternatives

  • jsonapi-rb is a highly performant and modular JSON:API-only implementation. There's a vibrant community around it that has produced projects such as JSON:API Suite.
  • fast_jsonapi is a lightning fast JSON:API serializer for Ruby Objects.
  • jsonapi-resources is a popular resource-focused framework for implementing JSON:API servers.
  • blueprinter is a fast, declarative, and API spec agnostic serializer that uses composable views to reduce duplication. From your friends at Procore.
  • Alba is fast and spec agnostic serialization solution. It has some unique features such as global or per-resource error handling.
  • Transmutation is fast and lightweight JSON attribute serialization solution. It provides an intuitive serializer lookup, inspired from AMS.

For benchmarks against alternatives, see https://github.com/rails-api/active_model_serializers/tree/benchmarks

Semantic Versioning

This project adheres to semver

Contributing

See CONTRIBUTING.md