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Quick Overview
Active Model Serializers (AMS) is a Ruby library for serializing Rails models and custom objects. It provides a simple way to generate JSON representations of your application's data, making it easier to build APIs and structure your data for client-side consumption.
Pros
- Seamless integration with Rails and Active Model
- Customizable serialization options and attributes
- Supports relationships and nested objects
- Allows for easy versioning of API responses
Cons
- Performance can be slower compared to other serialization libraries
- Documentation can be outdated or incomplete at times
- Learning curve for more complex serialization scenarios
- Limited support for non-JSON formats
Code Examples
- Basic serializer definition:
class UserSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
attributes :id, :name, :email
has_many :posts
end
This code defines a serializer for a User model, including basic attributes and a relationship to posts.
- Customizing attribute output:
class ProductSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
attributes :id, :name, :price_with_tax
def price_with_tax
object.price * 1.1
end
end
This example shows how to add a custom attribute that calculates a value based on the object's properties.
- Conditional attribute inclusion:
class CommentSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
attributes :id, :content
attribute :author, if: :show_author?
def show_author?
scope.admin?
end
end
This code demonstrates how to conditionally include an attribute based on the current user's role.
Getting Started
- Add to your Gemfile:
gem 'active_model_serializers'
-
Run
bundle install
-
Generate a serializer:
rails generate serializer User
- Define attributes and relationships in the serializer:
class UserSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
attributes :id, :name, :email
has_many :posts
end
- In your controller, render JSON using the serializer:
def show
user = User.find(params[:id])
render json: user
end
This will automatically use the UserSerializer to generate the JSON response.
Competitor Comparisons
No Longer Maintained - A lightning fast JSON:API serializer for Ruby Objects.
Pros of fast_jsonapi
- Significantly faster performance, especially for large datasets
- Built-in support for compound documents (included resources)
- Simpler, more declarative API for defining serializers
Cons of fast_jsonapi
- Less flexible than active_model_serializers for complex customizations
- Requires more setup for non-standard use cases
- Limited support for older Ruby and Rails versions
Code Comparison
active_model_serializers:
class UserSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
attributes :id, :name, :email
has_many :posts
def posts
object.posts.published
end
end
fast_jsonapi:
class UserSerializer
include FastJsonapi::ObjectSerializer
attributes :name, :email
has_many :posts
attribute :posts do |user|
user.posts.published
end
end
Both libraries provide ways to serialize Ruby objects into JSON, but fast_jsonapi offers a more performant solution with a slightly different API. active_model_serializers provides more flexibility for complex scenarios, while fast_jsonapi focuses on speed and simplicity for standard JSON:API compliant responses. The choice between them depends on your project's specific requirements and performance needs.
A fast JSON:API serializer for Ruby (fork of Netflix/fast_jsonapi)
Pros of jsonapi-serializer
- Faster performance, especially for large datasets
- Strict adherence to JSON:API specification
- Simpler, more lightweight implementation
Cons of jsonapi-serializer
- Less flexibility in customizing output
- Fewer built-in features compared to Active Model Serializers
- Steeper learning curve for developers unfamiliar with JSON:API spec
Code Comparison
Active Model Serializers:
class UserSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
attributes :id, :name, :email
has_many :posts
end
jsonapi-serializer:
class UserSerializer
include JSONAPI::Serializer
attributes :name, :email
has_many :posts
end
Both libraries offer similar syntax for basic serialization, but jsonapi-serializer enforces JSON:API structure more strictly. Active Model Serializers provides more flexibility in output format, while jsonapi-serializer focuses on JSON:API compliance and performance.
Choose jsonapi-serializer for projects requiring strict JSON:API adherence and better performance with large datasets. Opt for Active Model Serializers if you need more customization options and don't require strict JSON:API compliance.
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Pros of RABL
- More flexible templating system, allowing for complex JSON structures
- Supports multiple output formats (JSON, XML, BSON, PLIST)
- Better performance for large datasets due to its streaming capabilities
Cons of RABL
- Steeper learning curve due to its DSL syntax
- Less actively maintained compared to Active Model Serializers
- Requires more setup and configuration for basic use cases
Code Comparison
RABL:
collection @posts
attributes :id, :title, :body
child(:author) { attributes :name }
node(:custom_field) { |post| post.calculate_something }
Active Model Serializers:
class PostSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
attributes :id, :title, :body
belongs_to :author
attribute :custom_field do
object.calculate_something
end
end
Both RABL and Active Model Serializers are popular choices for JSON serialization in Ruby on Rails applications. RABL offers more flexibility and supports multiple output formats, making it suitable for complex API structures. However, it has a steeper learning curve and requires more setup. Active Model Serializers, on the other hand, provides a more Rails-like approach with simpler syntax and easier integration, but may be less flexible for highly customized JSON structures. The choice between the two depends on the specific requirements of your project and your team's familiarity with each library.
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ActiveModelSerializers
About
ActiveModelSerializers is undergoing some renovations. See Development Status.
Getting Help
If you find a bug, please report an Issue and see our contributing guide.
If you have a question, please post to Stack Overflow.
If you'd like to chat, we have a community slack.
Thanks!
Documentation
If you're reading this at https://github.com/rails-api/active_model_serializers you are
reading documentation for our master
, which is not yet released.
0.10 (0-10-stable) Documentation | Guides | |
0.9 (0-9-stable) Documentation | ||
0.8 (0-8-stable) Documentation |
Status of AMS
Status:
- âï¸ All existing PRs against master will need to be closed and re-opened against 0-10-stable, if so desired
- âï¸ Master, for the moment, won't have any released version of AMS on it.
- :eyes: See below for alternatives
Changes to 0.10.x maintenance:
- The 0.10.x version has become a huge maintenance version. We had hoped to get it in shape for a 1.0 release, but it is clear that isn't going to happen. Almost none of the maintainers from 0.8, 0.9, or earlier 0.10 are still working on AMS. We'll continue to maintain 0.10.x on the 0-10-stable branch, but maintainers won't otherwise be actively developing on it.
- We may choose to make a 0.11.x ( 0-11-stable) release based on 0-10-stable that just removes the deprecations.
What's happening to AMS:
- There's been a lot of churn around AMS since it began back in Rails 3.2 and a lot of new libraries are around and the JSON:API spec has reached 1.0.
- If there is to be a 1.0 release of AMS, it will need to address the general needs of serialization in much the way ActiveJob can be used with different workers.
- The next major release is in development. We're starting simple and avoiding, at least at the outset, all the complications in AMS version, especially all the implicit behavior from guessing the serializer, to the association's serializer, to the serialization type, etc.
- The basic idea is that models to serializers are a one to many relationship. Everything will need to be explicit. If you want to serialize a User with a UserSerializer, you'll need to call it directly. The serializer will essentially be for defining a basic JSON:API resource object: id, type, attributes, and relationships. The serializer will have an as_json method and can be told which fields (attributes/relationships) to serialize to JSON and will likely not know serialize any more than the relations id and type. Serializing anything more about the relations would require code that called a serializer. (This is still somewhat in discussion).
- If this works out, the idea is to get something into Rails that existing libraries can use.
See PR 2121 where these changes were introduced for more information and any discussion.
Alternatives
- jsonapi-rb is a highly performant and modular JSON:API-only implementation. There's a vibrant community around it that has produced projects such as JSON:API Suite.
- fast_jsonapi is a lightning fast JSON:API serializer for Ruby Objects.
- jsonapi-resources is a popular resource-focused framework for implementing JSON:API servers.
- blueprinter is a fast, declarative, and API spec agnostic serializer that uses composable views to reduce duplication. From your friends at Procore.
- Alba is fast and spec agnostic serialization solution. It has some unique features such as global or per-resource error handling.
- Transmutation is fast and lightweight JSON attribute serialization solution. It provides an intuitive serializer lookup, inspired from AMS.
For benchmarks against alternatives, see https://github.com/rails-api/active_model_serializers/tree/benchmarks
Semantic Versioning
This project adheres to semver
Contributing
See CONTRIBUTING.md
Top Related Projects
No Longer Maintained - A lightning fast JSON:API serializer for Ruby Objects.
A fast JSON:API serializer for Ruby (fork of Netflix/fast_jsonapi)
General ruby templating with json, bson, xml, plist and msgpack support
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Try Visual Copilot