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rtfeldman logoelm-spa-example

A Single Page Application written in Elm

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Quick Overview

The rtfeldman/elm-spa-example repository is a comprehensive example of a Single Page Application (SPA) built using the Elm programming language. It demonstrates best practices and patterns for building a scalable and maintainable Elm application.

Pros

  • Comprehensive Example: The project provides a well-structured and detailed example of an Elm SPA, covering various aspects of application development.
  • Best Practices: The codebase follows Elm's best practices and design patterns, making it a valuable resource for learning and understanding Elm development.
  • Modular Design: The application is organized into a modular structure, promoting code reusability and maintainability.
  • Thorough Documentation: The repository includes detailed documentation, explaining the project's structure, features, and development process.

Cons

  • Complexity: The project may be overwhelming for beginners, as it covers a wide range of Elm concepts and techniques.
  • Outdated Dependencies: Some of the project's dependencies may be outdated, requiring updates to ensure compatibility with the latest Elm version.
  • Limited Customization: The project is designed as an example, and users may need to adapt it to fit their specific requirements.
  • Performance Considerations: Depending on the size and complexity of the application, performance may be a concern, and optimization techniques may be necessary.

Code Examples

The rtfeldman/elm-spa-example repository is a complete Elm application, and as such, it does not provide standalone code examples. However, you can explore the project's codebase to understand the various Elm concepts and patterns used, such as:

  1. Routing and Navigation:

    type Route
        = Home
        | About
        | NotFound
    
    type Msg
        = UrlChanged Url.Url
        | LinkClicked Browser.UrlRequest
    
    update : Msg -> Model -> ( Model, Cmd Msg )
    update msg model =
        case msg of
            UrlChanged url ->
                ( { model | route = parseUrl url }, Cmd.none )
    
            LinkClicked request ->
                case request of
                    Browser.Internal url ->
                        ( model, Nav.pushUrl model.key (Url.toString url) )
    
                    Browser.External href ->
                        ( model, Nav.load href )
    
  2. State Management:

    type alias Model =
        { key : Nav.Key
        , route : Route
        , page : Page
        }
    
    type Page
        = Home HomeModel
        | About AboutModel
        | NotFound
    
    update : Msg -> Model -> ( Model, Cmd Msg )
    update msg model =
        case ( msg, model.page ) of
            ( HomeMsg homeMsg, Home homeModel ) ->
                let
                    ( newHomeModel, homeCmd ) =
                        Home.update homeMsg homeModel
                    newModel =
                        { model | page = Home newHomeModel }
                in
                ( newModel, Cmd.map HomeMsg homeCmd )
    
            -- Other page updates
            _ ->
                ( model, Cmd.none )
    
  3. View Rendering:

    view : Model -> Browser.Document Msg
    view model =
        { title = "Elm SPA Example"
        , body =
            [ div [ class "content" ]
                [ viewHeader model.route
                , case model.page of
                    Home homeModel ->
                        Home.view homeModel |> Html.map HomeMsg
    
                    About aboutModel ->
                        About.view aboutModel |> Html.map AboutMsg
    
                    NotFound ->
                        NotFound.view
                ]
            ]
        }
    

Getting Started

To get started with the rtfeldman/elm-spa-example project, follow these steps:

  1. Ensure you have Elm installed on your system. You can download it from the official Elm website: https://elm-lang.org/.

  2. Clone the repository:

    git clone https://github.com/rtfeldman/elm-spa-example.git
    
  3. Navigate to the project directory:

    cd elm-spa
    

Competitor Comparisons

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Pros of RealWorld

  • Multi-language implementation: Showcases the same application in various programming languages and frameworks
  • Comprehensive documentation: Provides detailed guides and specifications for each implementation
  • Active community: Regular updates and contributions from developers across different tech stacks

Cons of RealWorld

  • Complexity: May be overwhelming for beginners due to the wide range of implementations
  • Consistency challenges: Maintaining uniform quality across all implementations can be difficult
  • Less focused: Not tailored to a specific language or framework, unlike elm-spa-example

Code Comparison

elm-spa-example (Elm):

type Msg
    = ClickedSignIn
    | ClickedSignOut
    | GotSession Session
    | ChangedRoute (Maybe Route)
    | ChangedUrl Url
    | ClickedLink Browser.UrlRequest

RealWorld (JavaScript):

const mapStateToProps = state => ({
  ...state.article,
  currentUser: state.common.currentUser,
  comments: state.comments.comments
});

The elm-spa-example code demonstrates Elm's type system and message handling, while the RealWorld example shows React/Redux state management in JavaScript. Both repositories offer valuable insights into building real-world applications, with elm-spa-example focusing on Elm and RealWorld providing a broader perspective across multiple languages and frameworks.

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README

RealWorld Example App

👉 I gave a talk to explain the principles I used to build this. I highly recommend watching it!

Elm codebase containing real world examples (CRUD, auth, advanced patterns, etc) that adheres to the RealWorld spec and API.

Demo    RealWorld

This codebase was created to demonstrate a fully fledged fullstack application built with Elm including CRUD operations, authentication, routing, pagination, and more.

For more information on how this works with other frontends/backends, head over to the RealWorld repo.

How it works

Check out the full writeup!

Building

I decided not to include a build script, since all you need for a development build is the elm executable, and all you need on top of that for production is Uglify.

Development Build

Install Elm (e.g. with npm install --global elm), then from the root project directory, run this:

$ elm make src/Main.elm --output elm.js

If you want to include the time-traveling debugger, add --debug like so:

$ elm make src/Main.elm --output elm.js --debug

To view the site in a browser, bring up index.html from any local HTTP server, for example http-server.

Production Build

This is a two-step process. First we compile elm.js using elm make with --optimize, and then we Uglify the result.

Step 1

$ elm make src/Main.elm --output elm.js --optimize

This generates production-optimized JS that is ready to be minified further using Uglify.

Step 2

(Make sure you have Uglify installed first, e.g. with npm install --global uglify-js)

$ uglifyjs elm.js --compress 'pure_funcs="F2,F3,F4,F5,F6,F7,F8,F9,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7,A8,A9",pure_getters=true,keep_fargs=false,unsafe_comps=true,unsafe=true,passes=2' --output=elm.js && uglifyjs elm.js --mangle --output=elm.js

This one lengthy command (make sure to scroll horizontally to get all of it if you're copy/pasting!) runs uglifyjs twice - first with --compress and then again with --mangle.

It's necessary to run Uglify twice if you use the pure_funcs flag, because if you enable both --compress and --mangle at the same time, the pure_funcs argument will have no effect; Uglify will mangle the names first and then not recognize them when it encounters those functions later.