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Fuzzy String Matching in Python

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Rapid fuzzy string matching in Python using various string metrics

Rapid fuzzy string matching in Python using various string metrics

The Levenshtein Python C extension module contains functions for fast computation of Levenshtein distance and string similarity

📐 Compute distance between sequences. 30+ algorithms, pure python implementation, common interface, optional external libs usage.

🪼 a python library for doing approximate and phonetic matching of strings.

Quick Overview

The fuzzywuzzy project is a Python library that provides a set of functions to perform fuzzy string matching. It can be used to compare and match similar strings, even if they are not exactly the same. This is useful in a variety of applications, such as data cleaning, record linkage, and spell-checking.

Pros

  • Flexible Matching: fuzzywuzzy supports various matching algorithms, including Levenshtein distance, Jaro-Winkler distance, and token-based matching, allowing you to choose the most appropriate method for your use case.
  • Easy to Use: The library provides a simple and intuitive API, making it easy to integrate into your Python projects.
  • Efficient Performance: fuzzywuzzy is written in Cython, which provides a significant performance boost compared to pure Python implementations.
  • Active Development: The project is actively maintained, with regular updates and bug fixes.

Cons

  • Limited to Python: fuzzywuzzy is a Python-specific library, which means it may not be suitable for projects in other programming languages.
  • Potential for False Positives: Depending on the matching algorithm and the data you're working with, fuzzywuzzy may sometimes return false positive matches, which may require additional validation.
  • Dependency on the python-Levenshtein package: fuzzywuzzy relies on the python-Levenshtein package, which is a C extension that may be more difficult to install on certain platforms.
  • Limited Customization: While fuzzywuzzy provides several matching algorithms, the options for customizing the matching process may be limited compared to more advanced fuzzy string matching libraries.

Code Examples

Here are a few examples of how to use the fuzzywuzzy library:

from fuzzywuzzy import fuzz

# Comparing two strings
print(fuzz.ratio("hello", "hello"))  # Output: 100
print(fuzz.ratio("hello", "world"))  # Output: 0

# Partial string matching
print(fuzz.partial_ratio("hello", "hello world"))  # Output: 100
print(fuzz.partial_ratio("hello", "world hello"))  # Output: 100

# Token-based matching
print(fuzz.token_sort_ratio("hello world", "world hello"))  # Output: 100
print(fuzz.token_set_ratio("hello world", "hello there world"))  # Output: 100

Getting Started

To get started with fuzzywuzzy, you can install the library using pip:

pip install fuzzywuzzy

Once installed, you can import the necessary functions and start using the library in your Python code:

from fuzzywuzzy import fuzz

# Compare two strings
result = fuzz.ratio("hello", "hello world")
print(result)  # Output: 92

# Perform partial string matching
result = fuzz.partial_ratio("hello", "hello world")
print(result)  # Output: 100

# Use token-based matching
result = fuzz.token_sort_ratio("hello world", "world hello")
print(result)  # Output: 100

For more advanced usage and customization, you can refer to the fuzzywuzzy documentation.

Competitor Comparisons

Rapid fuzzy string matching in Python using various string metrics

Pros of RapidFuzz

  • Performance: RapidFuzz is designed to be faster than FuzzyWuzzy, especially for larger datasets.
  • Flexibility: RapidFuzz supports a wider range of string comparison algorithms, including Levenshtein, Damerau-Levenshtein, and Jaro-Winkler.
  • Scalability: RapidFuzz is written in Cython, which allows it to take advantage of low-level optimizations and perform well on large datasets.

Cons of RapidFuzz

  • Fewer Features: FuzzyWuzzy has a more extensive set of features, such as support for partial string matching and token-based comparisons.
  • Steeper Learning Curve: RapidFuzz has a more complex API than FuzzyWuzzy, which may make it less accessible for some users.
  • Smaller Community: FuzzyWuzzy has a larger user base and more community support than RapidFuzz.

Code Comparison

FuzzyWuzzy:

from fuzzywuzzy import fuzz

ratio = fuzz.ratio("hello", "world")
print(ratio)  # Output: 0

RapidFuzz:

from rapidfuzz import fuzz

ratio = fuzz.ratio("hello", "world")
print(ratio)  # Output: 0

As you can see, the basic usage of the fuzz.ratio() function is very similar between the two libraries.

Rapid fuzzy string matching in Python using various string metrics

Pros of RapidFuzz

  • Performance: RapidFuzz is designed to be faster than FuzzyWuzzy, especially for larger datasets.
  • Flexibility: RapidFuzz supports a wider range of string comparison algorithms, including Levenshtein, Damerau-Levenshtein, and Jaro-Winkler.
  • Scalability: RapidFuzz is written in Cython, which allows it to take advantage of low-level optimizations and perform well on large datasets.

Cons of RapidFuzz

  • Fewer Features: FuzzyWuzzy has a more extensive set of features, such as support for partial string matching and token-based comparisons.
  • Steeper Learning Curve: RapidFuzz has a more complex API than FuzzyWuzzy, which may make it less accessible for some users.
  • Smaller Community: FuzzyWuzzy has a larger user base and more community support than RapidFuzz.

Code Comparison

FuzzyWuzzy:

from fuzzywuzzy import fuzz

ratio = fuzz.ratio("hello", "world")
print(ratio)  # Output: 0

RapidFuzz:

from rapidfuzz import fuzz

ratio = fuzz.ratio("hello", "world")
print(ratio)  # Output: 0

As you can see, the basic usage of the fuzz.ratio() function is very similar between the two libraries.

The Levenshtein Python C extension module contains functions for fast computation of Levenshtein distance and string similarity

Pros of python-Levenshtein

  • Faster performance compared to FuzzyWuzzy, especially for larger datasets
  • Provides a more accurate Levenshtein distance calculation
  • Supports a wider range of Unicode characters

Cons of python-Levenshtein

  • Requires a C compiler to install, which may be a barrier for some users
  • Lacks some of the advanced features and functionality of FuzzyWuzzy, such as partial string matching
  • May have a steeper learning curve for users unfamiliar with the Levenshtein distance algorithm

Code Comparison

FuzzyWuzzy:

from fuzzywuzzy import fuzz

fuzz.ratio("hello", "world")  # Output: 0
fuzz.partial_ratio("hello", "world")  # Output: 0

python-Levenshtein:

import Levenshtein

Levenshtein.distance("hello", "world")  # Output: 4
Levenshtein.ratio("hello", "world")  # Output: 0.5

📐 Compute distance between sequences. 30+ algorithms, pure python implementation, common interface, optional external libs usage.

Pros of textdistance

  • Supports a wider range of distance algorithms, including Levenshtein, Hamming, Jaro-Winkler, and more.
  • Provides a more comprehensive set of features, such as batch processing and normalization options.
  • Includes a larger community and more active development compared to FuzzyWuzzy.

Cons of textdistance

  • May have a steeper learning curve due to the broader set of features and algorithms.
  • Potentially slower performance for simple use cases compared to the more focused FuzzyWuzzy library.
  • May have less integration with other popular libraries and frameworks compared to FuzzyWuzzy.

Code Comparison

FuzzyWuzzy:

from fuzzywuzzy import fuzz
fuzz.ratio("hello", "world")  # Output: 0

textdistance:

import textdistance
textdistance.levenshtein("hello", "world")  # Output: 4

🪼 a python library for doing approximate and phonetic matching of strings.

Pros of Jellyfish

  • Broader Functionality: Jellyfish provides a wider range of string similarity and distance metrics, including Levenshtein, Damerau-Levenshtein, Jaro, Jaro-Winkler, and more.
  • Performance: Jellyfish is generally faster than FuzzyWuzzy, especially for larger datasets, due to its optimized implementation.
  • Multilingual Support: Jellyfish supports Unicode characters and can handle a variety of languages, making it more versatile than FuzzyWuzzy.

Cons of Jellyfish

  • Fewer Matching Algorithms: FuzzyWuzzy offers a more extensive set of matching algorithms, such as partial ratio, token sort ratio, and token set ratio, which can be useful in certain scenarios.
  • Less Intuitive API: The Jellyfish API may be less intuitive and user-friendly compared to the more straightforward FuzzyWuzzy API.
  • Smaller Community: FuzzyWuzzy has a larger user base and more active community, which can mean more support and resources available.

Code Comparison

FuzzyWuzzy:

from fuzzywuzzy import fuzz

print(fuzz.ratio("hello", "world"))  # Output: 0
print(fuzz.partial_ratio("hello", "hello world"))  # Output: 100

Jellyfish:

import jellyfish

print(jellyfish.levenshtein_distance("hello", "world"))  # Output: 4
print(jellyfish.jaro_winkler("hello", "hello world"))  # Output: 0.9333333333333333

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README

This project has been renamed and moved to https://github.com/seatgeek/thefuzz

TheFuzz version 0.19.0 correlates with this project's 0.18.0 version with thefuzz replacing all instances of this project's name.

PRs and issues here will need to be resubmitted to TheFuzz

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