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JakeWharton logoThreeTenABP

An adaptation of the JSR-310 backport for Android.

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Quick Overview

ThreeTenABP is an Android library that provides a backport of the Java 8 date and time API for Android API levels 26 and below. It allows developers to use the modern java.time API on older Android versions, ensuring consistent date and time handling across different Android versions.

Pros

  • Brings the powerful and more intuitive java.time API to older Android versions
  • Improves code consistency by allowing the use of the same date/time API across all supported Android versions
  • Simplifies date and time operations compared to older APIs like java.util.Date
  • Maintained by a respected developer in the Android community

Cons

  • Adds some overhead to the app size due to additional library code
  • Requires initialization in the application class
  • May have a slight performance impact compared to native implementations on newer Android versions
  • Learning curve for developers not familiar with the java.time API

Code Examples

  1. Initializing the library:
public class MyApplication extends Application {
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        AndroidThreeTen.init(this);
    }
}
  1. Using LocalDate:
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();
LocalDate tomorrow = today.plusDays(1);
  1. Parsing and formatting dates:
LocalDate date = LocalDate.parse("2023-05-15");
String formatted = date.format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("dd MMM yyyy"));
  1. Working with time zones:
ZonedDateTime nowInNewYork = ZonedDateTime.now(ZoneId.of("America/New_York"));
ZonedDateTime nowInTokyo = nowInNewYork.withZoneSameInstant(ZoneId.of("Asia/Tokyo"));

Getting Started

  1. Add the dependency to your app's build.gradle file:
dependencies {
    implementation 'com.jakewharton.threetenabp:threetenabp:1.4.4'
}
  1. Initialize the library in your Application class:
public class MyApplication extends Application {
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        AndroidThreeTen.init(this);
    }
}
  1. Start using the java.time API in your code:
import org.threeten.bp.LocalDate;

// ...

LocalDate today = LocalDate.now();

Competitor Comparisons

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Pros of iosched

  • Comprehensive Android app showcasing best practices and latest technologies
  • Demonstrates real-world implementation of Material Design principles
  • Includes features like offline support, data synchronization, and user authentication

Cons of iosched

  • Larger codebase with more complexity, potentially harder to understand for beginners
  • Specific to Google I/O conference app, may require adaptation for other use cases
  • Requires more setup and configuration due to its extensive feature set

Code Comparison

ThreeTenABP:

AndroidThreeTen.init(this);
ZonedDateTime now = ZonedDateTime.now();
DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
String formatted = now.format(formatter);

iosched:

val firebaseAuth = FirebaseAuth.getInstance()
val user = firebaseAuth.currentUser
val userSession = UserSession(user?.uid ?: "", user?.displayName, user?.email)
viewModelScope.launch {
    userEventDataSource.setUserEvents(userSession, eventIds)
}

The ThreeTenABP code focuses on date and time handling, while the iosched code demonstrates user authentication and event management.

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A type-safe HTTP client for Android and the JVM

Pros of Retrofit

  • Comprehensive HTTP client library for Android and Java
  • Supports various HTTP methods and request/response types
  • Extensive documentation and community support

Cons of Retrofit

  • Larger library size and potential overhead
  • Steeper learning curve for complex API integrations

Code Comparison

ThreeTenABP:

AndroidThreeTen.init(this);
ZonedDateTime now = ZonedDateTime.now();

Retrofit:

Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
    .baseUrl("https://api.example.com/")
    .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
    .build();
ApiService service = retrofit.create(ApiService.class);

Key Differences

  • ThreeTenABP focuses on date and time handling, while Retrofit is for API communication
  • ThreeTenABP is a backport of Java 8 date/time APIs, Retrofit is a full-featured HTTP client
  • ThreeTenABP has a smaller footprint and simpler integration for its specific use case

Use Cases

  • Use ThreeTenABP when you need robust date/time handling in pre-Java 8 Android environments
  • Choose Retrofit for making network requests and interacting with RESTful APIs in Android applications

Community and Maintenance

Both projects are well-maintained and have active communities, but Retrofit has a larger user base due to its broader application in Android development.

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Pros of OkHttp

  • Comprehensive HTTP client with support for modern protocols
  • Efficient connection pooling and transparent GZIP compression
  • Extensive features like request/response interception and caching

Cons of OkHttp

  • Larger library size compared to ThreeTenABP
  • Steeper learning curve for basic HTTP operations
  • May include unnecessary features for simple date/time handling

Code Comparison

ThreeTenABP (Date/Time handling):

LocalDate date = LocalDate.now();
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.now();
DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd");

OkHttp (HTTP request):

OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
    .url("https://api.example.com/data")
    .build();
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();

Summary

ThreeTenABP focuses on backporting Java 8 date and time functionality to Android, while OkHttp is a full-featured HTTP client. ThreeTenABP is more lightweight and specialized for date/time operations, whereas OkHttp offers a broader range of networking capabilities but with added complexity. Choose based on your project's specific needs: date/time handling or comprehensive HTTP functionality.

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  • Supports multiple programming languages and platforms beyond Android

Cons of RxJava

  • Steeper learning curve due to its complex nature and extensive API
  • Can lead to increased code complexity for simple tasks
  • Potential performance overhead for small-scale applications

Code Comparison

ThreeTenABP:

LocalDate date = LocalDate.now();
ZonedDateTime zdt = ZonedDateTime.now();
DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd");

RxJava:

Observable.interval(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
    .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
    .subscribe(tick -> updateUI());

ThreeTenABP focuses on providing backported date and time functionality, while RxJava offers a comprehensive reactive programming framework. ThreeTenABP is more specialized and easier to adopt for specific date/time needs, whereas RxJava provides a broader set of tools for managing asynchronous operations and data streams. The choice between the two depends on the project's requirements and the developer's familiarity with reactive programming concepts.

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Pros of Glide

  • Comprehensive image loading and caching library for Android
  • Supports GIF and video thumbnails
  • Extensive customization options for image transformations

Cons of Glide

  • Larger library size compared to ThreeTenABP
  • Steeper learning curve due to more features and complexity
  • May be overkill for projects that only need basic image loading

Code Comparison

ThreeTenABP:

AndroidThreeTen.init(this);
LocalDate date = LocalDate.now();
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.now();

Glide:

Glide.with(context)
    .load(imageUrl)
    .placeholder(R.drawable.placeholder)
    .error(R.drawable.error)
    .into(imageView);

Summary

ThreeTenABP is a lightweight library focused on backporting Java 8's date and time API to Android, while Glide is a powerful image loading and caching library. ThreeTenABP is simpler and more focused, making it easier to integrate for projects that only need date/time functionality. Glide offers a wide range of features for image handling but comes with a larger footprint and more complexity. The choice between the two depends on the specific needs of your Android project.

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README

ThreeTen Android Backport

An adaptation of the JSR-310 backport for Android.

Attention: Development on this library is winding down. Please consider switching to Android Gradle plugin 4.0, java.time.*, and its core library desugaring feature in the coming months.

Usage

Initialize the timezone information in your Application.onCreate() method:

@Override public void onCreate() {
  super.onCreate();
  AndroidThreeTen.init(this);
}

That's it. Otherwise usage is the exact same as the ThreeTenBP library and you should consult its website for usage information: https://www.threeten.org/threetenbp/.

Why JSR-310?

JSR-310 was included in Java 8 as the java.time.* package. It is a full replacement for the ailing Date and Calendar APIs in both Java and Android. JSR-310 was backported to Java 6 by its creator, Stephen Colebourne, from which this library is adapted.

Why not use ThreeTenBP?

Similar to the problems with using Joda-Time on Android, the threetenbp uses a JAR resource for loading timezone information. This is an extremely inefficient mechanism on Android.

This library places the timezone information as a standard Android asset and provides a custom loader for parsing it efficiently.

Why not use Joda-Time?

Joda-Time has a very large API which brings with it a very large binary size and large method count. The creator of both JSR-310 and Joda-Time has also said that while Joda-Time isn't broken, it does have design flaws.

If you are using Joda-Time already, there's little reason to switch unless its size or method count is relevant to you. For new projects, however, this library offers the standard APIs in Java 8 as a much smaller package in not only binary size and method count, but also in API size.

Download

implementation 'com.jakewharton.threetenabp:threetenabp:1.4.7'

Snapshots of the development version are available in Sonatype's snapshots repository.

License

Copyright (C) 2015 Jake Wharton

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.